Clinical features of patients with arterial hypertension depending on the state of renal filtration function and arterial stiffness

• Mikhail V. Butusov
• Kirill V. Kuchin
• Alexey V. Klemenov

Abstract

The close relationship between arterial hypertension (AH), kidney pathology, and changes in vascular wall stiffness attracts close attention to the clinical features and consequences of such a combination. The study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients with hypertension depending on the state of renal filtration function and elastic properties of the arterial wall.

A sample of 203 patients with stable hypertension (158 men and 45 women) aged 49 [42; 59] years were subjected to cluster analysis using two input parameters: glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and pulse blood pressure (PAD). 3 groups (clusters) of patients with statistically significant differences in these indicators were identified: the first (n=42) with normal values of PAD and GFR, the second (n=63) with high levels of PAD and significantly reduced GFR, the third (n=87) with normal levels of PAD and moderately reduced GFR.

Subsequently, the three clusters formed were compared according to a number of clinical parameters. It turned out that the second cluster was represented by an older group of patients with a longer duration of the disease, higher systolic blood pressure, and more significant serum creatinine and urea concentrations. These patients were more likely to have lesions of two or more target organs, were characterized by a more advanced stage of hypertension and a higher cardiovascular risk.

It was concluded that the risk of developing cardiovascular complications of hypertension increases when the kidneys’ filtration function and the elastic properties of the arterial wall decrease.

Keywords: hypertension; glomerular filtration rate; vascular stiffness; pulse pressure

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