Epidemiological aspects of cardiovascular diseases of mining workers: cohort study in comparison with the population of the ESSE-RF study

• Andrey G. Obrezan
• Alexander E. Filippov
• Artur M. Tuktarov

Abstract

An important task of preventive medicine is the prevention of the cardiovascular diseases (CVD) development, especially in working age population. Corporate methods of health management in the workplace are being implemented more.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the health status, prevalence of CVD and associated risk factors (RF) in mining industry workers.

Material and methods. This is a one-step, epidemiological study of mining workers: 674 (35.6%) men and 1218 (64.4%) women aged 25 to 73 years.

Results. When assessing the large vascular RF it was found that men are more likely than women to suffer from hypertension (40.4 vs 28.8%, p<0.05). At the same time, arterial hypertension (AH) of more than 140 and/or 90 mmHg was detected in 35% of men and 27% of women at a doctor’s appointment. Hypercholesterolemia from 6.0 mmol/l and above was found in 25% of men and 30% of women, fasting hyperglycemia – in 8.1 and 4.7%, body mass index >30 kg/m² – in 35.6 and 34.4%, respectively. History of CVD (myocardial infarction, transient ischemic attack/ischemic stroke, revascularization surgery, or hemodynamically significant lesions of the peripheral arteries) were detected in 5.9% of men and 3.3% of women. The equivalents of coronary heart disease (diabetes mellitus) among women and men were found with the same frequency (3.4 and 3.6%, p>0.05). When analyzing the association of FR with CVD in both men and women, it was found that hypertension, obesity and fasting hyperglycemia make the most significant contribution to the development of CVD (OR from 1.8 to 4.4). The presence of diabetes mellitus was associated with a 12-fold increase in the risk of developing ACC in men and 3-fold in women.

Conclusion. Thus, the conducted research allowed us to obtain updated data on the prevalence of CVD and FR in mining industry workers. The results indicate a high prevalence of such diseases as dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia and obesity, which should be taken into account when developing preventive programs aimed at preventing the early development of CVD.

Keywords: cardiovascular diseases; arterial hypertension; risk factors; preventive medicine

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