Cardiotoxic complications in cancer patients: pathogenetic mechanisms, diagnosis, therapy

• Viktoriya A. Minenok
• Marina A. Stepchenko
• Natalia S. Mescherina
• Alena I. Klement’eva
• Vladimir V. Khvostovoy

Abstract

Oncological, including oncohematological, diseases are the most common in worldwide population. At the same time, the emergence of new approaches to treatment has led not only to an increase of the life expectancy of cancer patientsbut also to the need of a thorough study of drug therapy. It is relevant to study the pathogenetic mechanisms of the side effects development, in particular, cardiotoxic; approaches to their early diagnosis and therapy, what this review is devoted to.

The aim of this study is presentation of the approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of cardiotoxic complications in the treatment in cancer patients based on the data of the pathogenesis of complications.

Tasks – describe the mechanism of cardiotoxic complications in cancer patients development; to study approaches to the diagnosis of cardiotoxic complications; analyze recommendations for the treatment of cardiotoxic complications.

Results. During the study, the main pathogenetic mechanisms of cardiotoxic complications development in patients with oncological, including oncohematological, profile were considered. In accordance with modern recommendations, their diagnosis should include an assessment of cardiac function, determination of the high-sensitive troponins I and T. Also, a great attention should be paid to the risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Treatment of cardiotoxic complications mainly involves the temporary cessation of chemotherapy and the appointment of drugs in accordance with the complications that have developed.

Keywords:oncology; oncohematology; cardiotoxicity; cardiovascular complications; chemotherapy

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